How Best to Avoid Having a Stroke

Eighty per cent of strokes can be prevented by being aware of controllable risks. A stroke occurs when blood circulation to the brain fails and cells die as a result of lack of oxygen. Controlling risks can help prevent this.

Strokes are caused by either a blockage of blood flow or by bleeding into the brain. The following are things that can be done to help prevent having a stroke:

- Keep high blood pressure under control as it can make you susceptible to developing blood clots. If high blood pressure is left untreated, it can be a precursor for a stroke. It should be checked regularly by your family doctor and if it is higher than it should be there are things that can be done to control it. You can change your diet by eating healthy foods and by exercising. Exercise will make the heart stronger thereby requiring less effort for it to pump blood through the body. It is also important to avoid excessive sodium as it can contribute to high blood pressure. In some cases this may not be enough and medication may be necessary to keep it under control.

- Atrial fibrillation can increase the risk of stroke by five hundred per cent. It is an abnormal heartbeat and can cause blood to pool in the heart. Atrial fibrillation can be very serious and should not be taken lightly. Most times, as in my mother's case, medication is required to control it and constant attention and awareness of it is often required.

- Smoking is something every person has control over and it is wise to avoid as it doubles the risk of stroke. Smoking clogs the arteries, raises the blood pressure, damages blood vessels while narrowing them and causes the heart to work harder. Nicotine and carbon monoxide damage the cardiovascular system which can increase the risk of stroke.

- Over consumption of alcohol has been linked to stroke risk. It has been recommended during various studies than no more than two drinks are advisable for males and one drink for females should be consumed and less is better.

- High cholesterol should be checked regularly also by your family doctor. It can clog the arteries and puts those with it at a higher risk for strokes. High cholesterol can be regulated by diet and exercise but when this doesn't work, medication may be required.

- Diabetes can create a risk for getting a stroke. Diabetes II can sometimes by controlled by diet and exercise but in any case, it is something that should be taken care of and monitored by a family physician.

- Obesity can create a risk of stroke also. However, it can be controlled with a proper diet of fruit and vegetables, grains, nuts and foods low in calories. Regular exercise is also important; at least five times a week is suggested. It doesn't have to be strenuous. Walking and swimming are an excellent way to stay in shape and help your heart to stay healthy.

- Circulation problems can also lead to blocked arteries and can cause a stroke. Medication may be required to control this problem. It will be necessary to follow the advice of your doctor.

- Transient Tschemic Attack (TIA's) should be treated. They are mini strokes lasting usually only a short period of time. It is important that they be treated as they can lead to more serious strokes. My suffered suffered from these and was prescribed medication by her family doctor. She had them for years but because she took medication for them, she fortunately never did have a more serious type of stroke.

Having a risk factor for stroke doesn't necessarily mean you'll have a stroke. My mother has been proof of this. But it does mean that a particular effort should be made to control the controllable risk factors.

Can Anyone Have a Stroke?

Anyone can have a stroke. About one quarter of all strokes happen to younger people and children. Babies have even had strokes. But almost eighty percent of all strokes can be prevented.

There are many risk factors. Men are at higher risk for stroke than women but women are one and a half times more likely to die than a man will. However, middle aged women are more at risk than middle aged men. People of South Asian, African-American or Hispanic have an increased risk than those of European origin and usually they have strokes at a younger age.

Controllable risk factors are: high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, poor circulation, smoking, alcohol, obesity, poor diet and inactivity. Uncontrollable risk factors are: age, gender, race, family history, being aged 55 or older or being male. Also those suffering from atrial fibrilation or TIA's (transient ischemic attack which are mini strokes) are more likely to experience a stroke.

Other uncontrollable risk factors are a genetic predisposition/genetic disorder which may be a gene mutation leading to damage of blood vessel walls in the brain, blocking the blood flow. Each child of a parent with a family history of this disorder has a fifty percent chance of inheriting the disease.

Your stroke risk is also higher if a parent, grandparent, sister or brother have already had a stroke. Also, those who have previously had strokes, TIA's or heart attacks are at a far greater risk of suffering from a stroke than those who have not.

Strokes are considered to be more common in the southeastern part of the United States than in other areas. There is also evidence that strokes are more common among low-income people than those who are more affluent. Alcohol and drug abuse are also considered to be high risk factors.

One in six people will have a stroke some time in their lifetime. Based on this information and the fact that there are so many risk factors involved pertaining to what is controllable and what isn't, we now know, as many people have long held to be true, that the risk is not only in being over sixty-five years of age.

And because thee are so many risk factors, and because younger as well as older people can have strokes, it is important to remember the following warning signs: F.A.S.T.: F. - Face drooping; A. - Arm weakness; S. - Speech difficulty; T. - Time to call 9-1-1.

So can anyone have a stroke? Technically almost anyone can but it's important to remember that there is much we can do to prevent a stroke from happening. But it is also important to remember that much of what happens concerning our health can be controlled by how we treat our bodies.

Strokes and Emotions Following a Stroke

Emotions and behaviour can change following a stroke. Approximately one third of all stroke survivors experience some emotional problems.

Emotional problems can result in depression, anger, frustration, feelings of loss and denial. There may be communication disorders which will include aphasia - to do with verbal abilities and auditory comprehension where they are unable to speak or read, write or comprehend numbers. Or there may be motor speech disorders with slurred or garbled speech. All of these difficulties will affect the emotions creating sadness and possibly depression.

Extreme emotions will interfere with the rehabilitation process. Emotions are hard to control, partly because of chemical changes within the brain caused by the stroke. It is also a reaction to the challenges of dealing with the effects of a stroke. There can be rapid mood changes also causing crying or laughing that may not be appropriate, feelings of hopelessness, changes in eating and sleeping, anger, anxiety and apathy.

Anxiety causes sleep disturbances and can cause difficulty with concentration. The stroke sufferer may avoid going out in public or even seeing friends. Irritability, another problem, can also cause problems with concentration and the sufferer may tire more quickly.

Apathy is a dangerous emotion for a stroke survivor. Its symptoms can be lack of enthusiasm, motivation, listlessness and they may exhibit no interest in anything. For the stroke sufferer, if they have apathy they will likely not wish to work diligently at their rehabilitation. This is detrimental to their long-term health and their chances of having fewer disabilities.

It is important for a stroke-impaired person to find ways to relax, i.e.: soak in a warm bath, listen to calm music, meditate or go for a walk. Writing down worries or talking to a friend or family member may also help. However, if it continues for quite a while and all else has failed, it may be necessary for them to see their family doctor. Medications may also be necessary.

Stroke recovery groups are also good for the stroke survivor because often talking about the effects of their stroke with others who are going through the same thing can help. Acknowledging their feelings will likely help them deal with their emotions also. It is also important for a stroke sufferer to be informed. The more they know, the more able they can help themselves.

Emotions following a stroke are often closer to the surface and may possibly intensify reactions to situations that may not have bothered them prior to their stroke. As upsetting as it is for the stroke survivor when their emotions are chaotic, it is good to know that in almost all cases, these intense feelings will go and eventually they will feel more like themselves.

Problems with emotions following a stroke can result in personality changes. But as the stroke-impaired person begins to feel more like themselves, these changes often will cease to exist.